Role of a Management Consultant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Role of a Management Consultant - Essay Example B., 2001). The same brand is part of a long, classic, one-on-one competition with its archrival, PepsiCo. Inc. Coca Cola experienced a rapid growth in sales and consumer –preference, thanks to Roberto Goizueta who raised Coca Cola to the heights of performance while he was CEO from 1981 to 1997. Using his sharp analytical skills and market foresight and risk-taking tendency, Goizueta took Coca Cola into the direction of high sales, increasing market-share, revenue gains and high profit margins. He revolutionized how the soda industry is run and showed the world that just by focusing on Coca Cola’s principle black beverage; the company became a top-notch giant. This very philosophy inspired Coke’s followers, and even the Board of Directors, which included tycoons such as Warren Buffet, Herbert A. Allen and Donald Keough. They remained admirers of this approach and frowned upon any notions of diversification, unlike what was happening inside PepsiCo. Throughout the nineties, through this very approach, Coca Cola saw its rise in the world of beverage as an undisputed winner over PepsiCo. Inc. Goizueta took some very successful decision during his time, one of which was to form a new company under the name Coca Cola Enterprises, in 1986, which handled the US bottling operations for Coca Cola. This, immediately, helped Coca Cola in terms of the debt burden and also, raised their stock volumes, while reassuring quality bottling and distribution. (Cravens & Piercy, 2009). According to Cravens and Piercy (2009), this move turned out to be quite a profitable one as Coca Cola could erase off $2.4 billion from the balance sheet. Moreover, having formed Coca Cola Enterprises, US bottling operations were handled well and timely distribution channels were assured. He was known to be risky, as he himself used to admit. His believes were of the nature that risk-taking is a necessity for growth and development. In a growing consumer-market, playing safe all the time could mean losing out on opportunities and business. Goizueta is renowned for another important move: his non-contemporary approach of globalization of brands. ‘Think global, act local’ was the underlying philosophy of Goizeuta to expand and capture foreign markets. Unlike the general wave of globalization, he insisted that, to develop a successful multinational brand, it was important to think globally while acting in the local context. He explained that standardization and uniformity represent a strong and consistent image of a brand and it triggers a sense of surety in the minds of consumers worldwide. This uniformity can help create a very powerful image of the brand; while also considering vital selling points and marketing campaign specifics of differing cultures and geographies. At the very end of all this positive period, it did become quite apparent that the direction in which Coca Cola was heading into, had a dead-end. Arguably, his headstrong, upfro nt style of leadership, even though raised Coca Cola to reach new heights in the short-run; however, his moves, somehow, created a recipe for future disaster. His decisions focused more on the bottling operations than the actual customers. It is important to note that Mr. Roberto Goizueta maintained that Coca Cola did not need diversification to increase revenue. Instead, according to Suhaib Riaz (2008), he borrowed millions

Intel Case Study Essay Example for Free

Intel Case Study Essay Exhibit 6 shows the comparative intellectual property consideration. 2. DRAM was standard, and all competitors faced the same fixed cost, chip price depended on the learning curve and how aggressively competitors expanded capacity, thus manufacturing was not the Intel’s strength at that time, the Japanese companies were ahead of US companies in many different ways, such as mass production which reduced the cost, the high yield percentage 70%-80% in their fabs compared to 50%-60% for US, and that’s because they had disciplined approach to manufacturing, and they concerned with defects and control methods, and down in the learning curve. . Through integration in different industries Japanese companies built its competitive advantage, their DRAMs were used heavily by industries like, electronics, computers and telecommunications. Besides, these companies supported the Japanese equipment manufacturers to improve the DRAM manufacturing machinery to increase yields, which in return decrease cost of the DRAM, and better quality for their products, which were also competing the US. As a conclusion, Intel focus was toward building better design, better performance and capacity for the DRAM, and did not concentrate on building the competitive advantage. PC industry and added value (Q2-3-4-6) IBM had the largest added value, and this is because they adopted an open standard that made the IBM-PC nonproprietary, which catalyzed a massive structural shift in the computer industry, where it became horizontal. By adopting this strategy, IBM hoped that software developers to write new programs for the IBM PC, and one of the key contributor to the growth of the PC industry is the availability of packaged software and that the market being less fragmented. Intel initiated â€Å"project crush†- in 1980 – where it secured the 8088 to go into IBM’s first PC. Market less fragmented. IBM success in the market in 1983- 1985 catpulated Intel to the market lead in microprocessors. Intel built the reliability of this product. Intel created its value: Intel initiated sales campaign called â€Å"checkmate† after cutting the number of licensees to four, this step reinforced Intel’s position as the industry standard. By second source strategy, Intel recognized that they are giving away their technology to other companies, and they are losing a lot of profit, so they made the bold decision to be the sole-source manufacturer, and cut with AMD, and became the sole producers of CPUs and kept full control of the pricing. That is when they produced the 386 that was adopted by Compaq, users were willing to pay for the premium for additional performance. Intel protected its intellectual property rights; it was well ahead of its competition in intellectual property. It had trade secrets in design and production as well as patent, these resulted in substantial negotiating power in its cross-licensing agreements. See exhibit 6 Intel captured value Awareness campaign were conducted to target end users through â€Å"Red X† and then by â€Å"Intel Inside† campaigns, and co-op fund advertisement. They used the OEM to advertise for their products. At this point Intel built its brand and became widely adopted. Intel achieved its added value as a profit, by adopting the strategy of new products in short supply, where it was able to sell at the premium price, as production capacity increased and cost declined, the price would quickly scaled down to stimulate consumption in the mass market, as exhibit 7 shows for the 3 generation Pentium processors, the prices declined with time, and within less than a year, Intel was able to produce new generation with premium price, and decline the price for the previous generation. Another way of achieving the profit of the added value is investment in software development to leverage the advantage of the high performance processors. And that was achieved by development of complementors, although Intel had a relationship with Microsoft, but it was enough, since it required Microsoft years to develop the software, were Intel is moving faster, by adopting the strategy of complementors, Intel build its capital. Intel strategy was to invest in companies that fit strategically into Intel’s business strategy as well as offered a financial return. Threats and Actions PC computing was the center of computing during the 1990s, but the internet took over the next decade. Cellphones are sold more than PCs, and that is because they can access the Net. Network and communication became more important to people, whether it is in the home, small business or enterprise. Intel response to the changes in the environment by investing a lot of money in four areas, client platforms, server platforms, cellular and wireless, and communication and networking. Despite the fact that Intel took several steps toward making a position for it in the mobile and internet market, the threat of being behind the competitors in technology is high. Intel used to sell performance, but now it should innovate at the architectural level, to be the building supplier for to the worldwide internet and communication technology. One of the steps that may put Intel on the map is to start joint ventures to secure the position in the whole world economy. Investing in other communication industry to integrate Intel products.

The Role of the Supernatural in Thomas Hardys Writing :: Biography Biographies Essays

The Role of the Supernatural in Thomas Hardy's Writing As a child, Thomas Hardy heard various stories of supernatural occurrences from the family servants, rustics from the village, and his own mother who believed she once saw a ghost. Thus, Hardy learned to believe in the supernatural and to accept the superstitious ways of the rustic people. During an interview with William Archer, Hardy expressed, "when I was a younger man, I would cheerfully have given ten years of my life to see a ghost, - an authentic, indubitable spectre". Because of the superstitious influence of his upbringing and his own desire to believe, elements of weirdness, superstition, and magic play an interesting role in Hardy's works. Specifically, Hardy incorporated aspects of superstition and witchcraft into his writings. Such elements provide the reader with an understanding of how Hardy perceived his world. Many small aspects of superstition exist within the writings of Hardy. In Return of the Native, the reader is introduced to Diggory Venn, the Reddleman. A reddleman unearths red clay which is used as a dye for sheep's wool. Because the reddleman works so much with this substance, his skin takes on a reddish hue and thus, red associating him with the devil, he becomes the "boogeyman " of the rustic people. Other examples of superstition include the evil eye, the magic of a sixpence, and dairy witchcraft. In his 1901 interview with Archer, Hardy stated that "The belief in the evil eye subsists in full force." Johnny Nunsuch of The Return of the Native felt safe as he carried his sixpence because the coin was supposed to bring good luck and protect against witchcraft. Johnny becomes frightened when he happens upon Diggory Venn, the Reddleman, because the child realizes that he has lost his guardian sixpence. The country people held many superstitions regarding the production of milk and cheese. The "magic" that these superstitions are based on is known as dairy witchcraft. For example, in Tess of the d'Urbervilles after Tess arrives at Talbothays, the cows cease to produce milk. The milkers blame this unexplainable phenomena on the newcomer, believing that the milk went directly to the horns of the cows. They thus resort to song as a device to start the cows milking again. Hardy uses slight witch imagery when describing his strong female characters because, according to Gayla Steel, he is hiding his examination of their independence and sexuality within these images.

Globalization and the International Monetary Community Essay -- Econom

Executive Summary Our world is steadily shrinking. Technology is building bridges over the barriers of distance, language, and culture. It’s a process called globalization, and it is changing the way we live. Financial institutions haven’t been immune to the effects of this change. In fact, the international nature of financial institutions makes them particularly vulnerable to change. This paper addresses three issues caused by the globalization of the international monetary community. First this paper examines the success of the Euro, and the implications for the formation of a global currency. Then this paper looks at the issue of devaluation, and by comparing successful and unsuccessful devaluations tries to determine what factors make a devaluation work. Finally this paper will look at the trend toward dollarization, and whether or not dollarization is the best solution for struggling economies. This paper contends that the power of globalization is forcing the international monetary community to address these issues. The success of the Euro makes a global currency seem like a logical step in the evolution of currency, even though sentimental attachment to national currency would make a global currency unpopular. Devaluation of national currency is only effective for nation with substantial foreign investment and high technology exports. Dollarization solves many problems for struggling economies in the short term, but at some point these nations should consider joining a Multi-Lateral Monetary Union. These changes and more are reforming the way we think about money. While some of the solutions proposed here will only become feasible years in the future, some of the problems discussed affect us t... ...Peiers, Bettina. â€Å"Dollarization in Developing Countries: Rational Remedy or Domestic Dilemma?†. Contemporary Economic Policy. Jul96, Vol. 14 Issue 3, p30. Meyer, L.H. "The Euro in the International Financial System." Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Vol. 25-27, Issue 2, p58. O'Mara, Richard. â€Å"Argentina's deep, empty pockets†. Christian Science Monitor. 4/2/2002, Vol. 94 Issue 89, p9. â€Å"Ring in the New†. Economist. 1/5/2002 Vol. 362 Issue 8254, p22. Schulmeister, Stephan. â€Å"Globalization Without Global Money: The Double Role of the Dollar as National Currency and World Currency†. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Spring2000, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p365. â€Å"The Myth of Eurocreep†. Economist. 1/5/2002, Vol. 362 Issue 8254, p43. von Furstenberg, George. â€Å"A Case Against U.S. Dollarization.† Challenge. Jul/Aug2000, Vol. 43 Issue 4, p108.

War for Independence

Waging War for Independence (1764 – 1783) Stephanie Maharaj History 1301 Antrece Baggett October 12, 2012 The thirteen colonies moved from peaceful resistance to outright war against the British government’s â€Å"reform† programs of new taxes and regulations during the period of (1764-1783). These new programs had a significant impact on the people of the colonies, and caused a great uproar. Protests broke out, and eventually the American Revolution came into the picture.I will explain some of the reasons colonists rebelled against the new reform programs, the roles African Americans played during the American Revolution, how the patriots achieved the unity needed to wage the War for Independence, and the impact the American Revolution had on the Native Americans. First, I will start with the opposition the colonists had when it came to the Sugar, Currency, and Stamp Acts. Unlike the Molasses Act which benefited the people of the colonies, the new acts imposed o n them were just a burden and quite unfair. The Sugar Act came about during the time that George Grenville was appointed as first minister.His responsibility was to solve the debt crisis they were facing. Since the British at home were highly taxed, Grenville’s solution was to tax the Americans since he felt they benefited from the war. Needless to say, the Sugar Act was primarily to raise revenue rather than regulate trade. The Sugar Act eliminated the sugar trade between the Continental colonies and the French and Spanish. This angered the colonists along with the newly added Currency Act which forbade the colonies from issuing paper money, thus creating a shortage of currency.Next came the Stamp Act which provoked an even greater storm of protest. The law departed entirely from the confines of mercantilist policy. Parliament just wanted to raise internal revenue so that they could use that money to pay troops in the colonies. The colonists were extremely infuriated because for them this meant that they had to purchase stamps for official documents and published papers, which included a multitude of items. All publications and transactions were subject to this special tax. To make matters worse, the colonists were only permitted to in specie.They habitually used paper money and credit instead of the scarce gold and silver. One of the groups of people involved in the American Revolution was the African American group. Lord Dunmore, royal Governor of Virginia, declared all indented servants, Negroes, or others (owned by rebels) free, that were able and willing to bear arms and join His Majesty’s Troops. The blacks were divided into two specific groups: the free blacks and slaves. The British wanted to disrupt and weaken the colonists so that’s why they offered the southern slaves emancipation.The Whigs considered this foul play and as a consequence they increased slave patrols and warned of harsh punishments to those who ran away or took u p arms against their masters. The penalty for slave rebellion was death. Although threatened, the African Americans still aided the British by joining the army and employing their firsthand knowledge of the Chesapeake Bay. Some served as pilots along its tributaries; others delivered fresh provisions to the British ships by foraging plantations at night. African Americans certainly played a role within the American Revolution, but they received little welcome from the Whigs.When the Americans created an army from volunteer forces besieging Boston, they excluded slaves and even free blacks from participating. The patriots achieved the unity they needed to wage the War for Independence because of the British Government’s constant restrictions and need to be in control. The British expected the Coercive Acts to isolate Boston and convince other provinces to be obedient, but instead all the acts did was push the Americans toward unity. The patriots knew they had to work together to even stand a chance at breaking away from Britain’s overbearingness.Their unity grew even stronger when the British government sent General Cage to take forceful action. His method of doing that was attempting to seize the patriot’s stores of food and ammunition at Concord which he learned about from an informer. Militant Bostonians had spies that ended up discovering Gage’s plan, and they were ready to spread the alarm. This is the moment the patriots stood as â€Å"one† unit. It didn’t matter that they were not finished being trained and were unprepared. They all came out to fight, and they fought for all the same basic reasons.There were numerous battles that were yet to come, but this was the start of the patriot’s unity. Eventually all of the battles/wars led to drafting of the Declaration of Independence, which some people believe to be the ultimate reason the patriots achieved the unity they needed to wage the war for independence. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by Thomas Jefferson and set forth Congress’s reasons for separating from the government George III; the revolutionaries focused on the king’s offenses because they had already denied the sovereignty of Parliament.The Native Americans were also another group impacted by the American Revolution. Many took the side of the Americans but the majority sided with the British and assisted them in this revolution. Native Americans believed the Americans were more of a direct threat to them because they lived on the continent and would immediately â€Å"take the land†. Native Americans assimilated, and adopted new norms and customs of white America. The result of the American Revolution was a win for the American Whigs. They were finally able to create a new government and not be ruled by a king or anyone of nobility.Unfortunately for the Native Americans, the new government gave them the short end of the stick. They got exactl y what they were afraid of, and that was their land being at stake. Their land rights were not respected. As it is evident, the colonies tried to maintain some sort of composure and not have to resort to violence with the British Government. They quickly transitioned from this peaceful resistance to outright war because the British Government kept intervening in their lives and trying to have control of every aspect of it.When things got out of hand, the American Revolution took place and it impacted everyone including: the African Americans, Native Americans, the British, and etc. The result of the war for independence was success for the patriot’s and since many Native Americans sided with and assisted the British, their outcome was losing what they feared most. They’re land was not respected and they had no control over that. Works Cited Edward Ayers, Lewis Gould, David Oshinsky, and Jean Soderlund. â€Å"American Passages 4th Edition : A History of the United Stat es. No. 4 (2009): 1-170

Free Essays on Women

Divided We Stand Together We Fall Men in the most part in today's culture have no clue of what is going on in the daily travails of a woman's life. Not too many men are out there advocating for equality of woman amongst the masses. Now in the song Beautiful Skin, Goodie Mobb, focuses on woman respecting themselves to make men respect them. They say in the chorus that they must respect themselves first before the man can. The song particularly makes black woman the bulls eye for his lyrics, who amongst the woman in America have little or no voice at all. The reason the song mainly focuses on black woman is for the oppression she has faced through the years of being held captive in slavery and the horrors she had to face then and now. These horrible wrongs committed against the black woman made her enemy to the white woman in a struggle of identity and culture. The black woman is in a culture where her hair is not beautiful in its natural form, instead it must be straightened for her beauty to shine through. Th e black woman was as we all know raped by her owners (black and white), and were hated by the wife's of these slave owners for the forced adultery on them. This made the house wife who had no rights just privileges despise her slave and oppress her even more. The woman of this country must be strong and I think that Goddie Mobb tries to convey to men and woman alike that the imaged portrayed to be is nothing more than a way to weaken and null the since of self respect and dignity. The poem brings up many points on women covering their bodies to make men in theory respect them for the beings that they are. And in that it brings forth a way of thought for men to reflect on and recite in their hearts. The poem calls for woman to respect themselves but never says truly how, and this is where The Laugh of Medusa, by Helene Cixous, comes to play. Cixous, brings to the table action along with her word. In her philoso... Free Essays on Women Free Essays on Women This is a good book, it shows, by careful research of an open-ended kind, that women's intellectual development does not follow the same path as that of men, particularly as outlined in the influential research of William Perry. Perry traced, in college students, a progression from basic dualism to passive learning, to an appreciation of multiplicity of views, to a subjectivism which says that my opinion is as good as any other, to a relativism subordinate, where the objectivity of an academic discipline is respected as a way of knowing, to a full appreciation of relativism, where it becomes the real way a person thinks, and not just something adopted within a discipline. Knowledge is therefore constructed, not given - that is the final stage of learning. This all sounded likely enough, but it made abstract objectivity the only way forward, and this seemed to be a repeat of much the same error as Carol Gilligan had found in the research on ethical outlooks of Lawrence ! Kohlberg. Gilligan, a former co-worker of Kohlberg, had shown that his scoring system did not do justice to the ethic of care, responsibility and connectedness which many women adhered to in their thinking. It focussed strictly on questions of abstract truth and justice, and again the emphasis was on objectivity. What the authors found in their research on women was a somewhat different developmental model. The first and most basic position they found was silence. Many women had simply been silenced, firstly by their own families and then by their husbands and other men. They had no voice and did not acknowledge any right to think. The second position was received knowledge, gained from listening to the voices of others. Women at this stage had no respect for their own opinions and regarded other people and books as the source of all knowledge. I say "stage", but the authors of this book are much less confident than Perry or Kohlberg that these positi... Free Essays on Women Divided We Stand Together We Fall Men in the most part in today's culture have no clue of what is going on in the daily travails of a woman's life. Not too many men are out there advocating for equality of woman amongst the masses. Now in the song Beautiful Skin, Goodie Mobb, focuses on woman respecting themselves to make men respect them. They say in the chorus that they must respect themselves first before the man can. The song particularly makes black woman the bulls eye for his lyrics, who amongst the woman in America have little or no voice at all. The reason the song mainly focuses on black woman is for the oppression she has faced through the years of being held captive in slavery and the horrors she had to face then and now. These horrible wrongs committed against the black woman made her enemy to the white woman in a struggle of identity and culture. The black woman is in a culture where her hair is not beautiful in its natural form, instead it must be straightened for her beauty to shine through. Th e black woman was as we all know raped by her owners (black and white), and were hated by the wife's of these slave owners for the forced adultery on them. This made the house wife who had no rights just privileges despise her slave and oppress her even more. The woman of this country must be strong and I think that Goddie Mobb tries to convey to men and woman alike that the imaged portrayed to be is nothing more than a way to weaken and null the since of self respect and dignity. The poem brings up many points on women covering their bodies to make men in theory respect them for the beings that they are. And in that it brings forth a way of thought for men to reflect on and recite in their hearts. The poem calls for woman to respect themselves but never says truly how, and this is where The Laugh of Medusa, by Helene Cixous, comes to play. Cixous, brings to the table action along with her word. In her philoso... Free Essays on Women Introduction Abstract Women in the world of mathematics is a subject that people rarely hear about. The only time they do is if she’s math teacher. What many do not know is that women have made extremely important contributions to the world of mathematics. Women have been documented to be involved in mathematics since as early as the fifth century A.D. Famous Women Mathematicians Women such as: Hypatia, Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Sophie Germain, Emmy Noether, Ruth Moufang and Sun-Yung Alice Chang. These women have lived through difficult times such as women’s oppression, the French Revolution, World War I and II, which included Hitler’s administration over women’s schooling, and social prejudices. However, this did not stop their yearning for math. These women combined have earned many different awards, specifically ones usually given to men. They have conquered the biases people have had towards them and made what they do best count. Many of their theorems and equations are still used today, and some are even being perfected by others. It is important to educate children about women in mathematics. Many children think of mathematicians as men and that is totally untrue. That thought could possibly contribute to the fact that women are less likely to enter the mathematics field compared to men. This is because they are not educated properly on the subject and are not given the opportunity to excel. There are many more women in mathematics than mentioned above, but those women are very important to mathematics. Contributions In the world of mathematics, there are many women mathematicians who have made significant contributions to the field. From as early as 370 AD, women have been contributing to the study of equations, theorems and even solving problems that have deemed themselves in the mathematical world as impossible. Because of the time period these women lived, many were not recognized for their achievement; ...

Among the School Children Notes Essays

Among the School Children Notes Essays Among the School Children Notes Paper Among the School Children Notes Paper Among School Children Author William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) First Published 1927; collected in The Tower, 1928 Type of Poem Meditation The Poem William Butler Yeatss Among School Children' is written in eight eight-line stanzas that follow a precise rhyme scheme. Along with the straightforward title, stanza I establishes the immediate context of the action in deliberately prosaic language. The speaker is visiting a schoolroom, and a kind old nun,' his guide for the day or perhaps the classroom teacher, is answering his matter-of-fact questions in a rapid, matter-of-fact way. The tone and mood of the poem take a sharp turn in the couplet ending the first stanza, however; the speaker suddenly sees himself through the childrens eyes as they In momentary wonder stare upon/ A sixty-year-old smiling public man. The speaker is almost certainly Yeats himself; as a member of the Irish Senate, Yeats, just turned sixty, did in fact visit schools as a part of his official duties. Seeing himself through the childrens eyes inspires a reverie. He thinks of a child, a girl, whom he knew in his own childhood or youth. The facts are not quite clear, for the reader is told of a childish day' but also of youthful sympathy. Nevertheless, the young female is generally identified as Maud Gonne, with whom the poet first became acquainted and fell in love when she was in her late teens and he was in his twenties. The reverie ends, but his eyes light upon one of the children, who looks amazingly like Maud when she was that age: She stands before me as a living child. Seeing her as she looked then reminds him of what she looks like now, after the passage of nearly forty years. Her present image' is of someone whom life has wasted and exhausted; she is Hollow of cheek' as if she drank the wind' and ate a mess of shadows for [her] meat. Thoughts of her then and now lead to thoughts of himself then and now. The years have not been kind in his case either, and, back in the present in the schoolroom, he decides that it is best to keep u p a brave front and smile on all that smile. Yet he cannot shake the thought that human life appears to be a process of diminishment and gradual dispossession, if not outright defeat. He imagines what a mother- perhaps his own- would think, just having given birth, could she see that infant after he has lived through sixty or more winters. Would she, he wonders, think the result worth the pain of her labor and of all her coming anxieties over her helpless infants welfare? In the final three stanzas, the personal note that has pervaded the poem is dropped as the speaker explores in rapid order the breadth and scope of all human thought and endeavor- from Plato to Aristotle and Pythagoras, from nuns to mothers to youthful lovers- seeking some solace for the tragic unraveling of dreams and hopes that human life seems to be. In a sudden burst of anger, the speaker excoriates all those images that people set before their minds eyes to goad themselves and others into succeeding only at failing, and he tries instead to see human life as it is truly lived. The vision that emerges is one in which neither devotion to others (motherhood) nor devotion to God (the nun) nor devotion to fulfilling selfhood (Maud Gonne) can alone be enough, for Labour is blossoming or dancing. It is an ongoing process, not any final product. Therefore, one cannot isolate the individual from the passing moment by trying to imagine that at any one instant there is some greater or lesser being there; like the chestnut tree, a human life is all one piece, so one should be wary of trying to know the dancer from the dance. Forms and Devices Yeatss is a poetry rich in complex webs of both personal and public symbols and allusions, and Among School Children' is no exception. An example of this complexity can be found by examining the source of something as apparently superficial as the rhyme scheme. Ottava rima was introduced into English prosody by the early nineteenth century poet George Gordon, Lord Byron, who used it to great comic effect in poems such as his sa tiric masterpiece, Don Juan (1819–1824). The Yeats poem is hardly satiric and is comic only by the broadest definition of the term, as one uses it when speaking of Dantes The Divine Comedy (c. 1320). Like Dante, whose great poem begins with the otherwise unremarkable discovery that he has lost his way, Yeats uses a rather commonplace incident- a public officials visit to a classroom while touring a school- to explore the larger meaning and purpose of human life in general. Because of the complexity of Yeatss technique, making such connections is not as farfetched as one might suspect. A symbol, like the allusion to outside texts and sources of information, can point in any number of directions, but it will always make a connection. The poet must connect private and public symbols and allusions in a careful order and to some greater thematic purpose. Yeatss use of the myth of Leda and the swan offers a fine example. In the ancient Greek myth, Zeus came as a swan to rape the mortal Leda; from that union came Helen of Troy. Yeatss Ledaean body,' however, is something more than a knowledge of the myth alone can betoken. In his poem Leda and the Swan,' he sees in the myth a comment on the dangerous consequences of mixing divine elements with something as fragile as human nature. Furthermore, in other poems, Yeats identifies Maud Gonne with Helen of Troy as representatives of that beauty which is destructive. That Leda also brings to mind childbearing and childrearing in a poem that focuses on children, childhood, labor, and birth suggests still further possibilities of meaning and illustrates that the apparent opacity of the poem is actually the result of combining a wide literary heritage with a compelling richness and nterconnectedness of thought, feeling, and experience. Themes and Meanings The central themes of Among School Children' are best exemplified in the central action: A sixty-year-old official is visiting with elementary school children. The age-old poetic themes of innocence versus experience, naivete versus wisdom, and youth versus age permeate every stanza of the poem. Yeats, who in h is youthful work frequently dealt with incidents of passing and loss, virtually became obsessed with those themes as he became older and faced his own mortality in more real, less abstract terms. By this point in his career, Yeats was examining the consequences and effects of times passage not only on the human body but also on the human spirit- both for the individual and for the race as a whole- invariably basing his meditations on personal experience. In Yeatss hands, these timeless themes take on a profound significance, because while he views human life as tragic, his vision is not nihilistic. He never does actually enunciate what purpose human life may serve, but he does believe that there is a purpose. Among School Children' illustrates how the individual might frustrate that purpose by imagining either that he is the master of his own destiny or that there is no such thing as destiny. Maud Gonne serves as a prime example of this frustration of purpose. The poet, who is condemned to remember the brightness and promise of her youth, must live with the meaningless fruits of her actions now that the heartbreak and frustrations of her commitment to revolutionary Irish poli tical causes have taken their toll both on herself and others. By cutting her fulfillment short, she has cut all the rest of humankind short. Nor will Yeats exclude himself and others from the same condemnation. All fail in their choices and actions to face squarely the one insurmountable reality: Flesh ages, spirits flag, and human dreams wither. He thus accuses himself of having given up or given in (I †¦ had pretty plumage once' but now am a comfortable kind of old scarecrow') and accuses nuns and mothers, as much as the Helens and Mauds of the world, of betraying the innocent, childlike spirit that fosters dreams and compels human choices. People unwittingly create false images of what it is to be human, thereby creating false hopes and expectations. Yeats suggests that since there is no choice but to move forward, one should imagine the fullness of each moment as having an inextricable harmony with all others. Life is like a dance that does exist independent of a dancer but has no shape or form without the dancers.

Low Man Essays

Low Man Essays Low Man Essay Low Man Essay My first impression of Willy is that he is a man whose mind is disintegrating and becoming incapable to do things on his own. You didnt smash the car, did you shows that Linda, his wife, believes he is becoming unstable. Im tired to the death is a quote from Willy and this shows us that Willy is a tired man. Because death is regarded as something that happens to bad people or old people this quote could also show that Willy is a bad person or that he is old and worn out. Within the opening conversation between Willy and Linda I have got the impression that Willy is disillusioned. The conversation between Willy and Linda changes repeatedly from one subject to another which to me shows that Willy is losing his mind and focus. Loman is a pun and creates the impression to me that Willy is a morally Low Man. Linda tries to help Willy on page three by suggesting other reasons why he isnt acting normal. She knows that Willy is losing his mind and feels that he should not have to come to terms with it so that he can keep doing his job and believing in this fake success he makes out to have. Maybe its your glasses shows that Linda is using excuses to make Willy feel better about losing his mind. She knows what is happening to Willy and doesnt want him to be upset. But you didnt rest your mind. Your mind is over active and the mind is what counts, dear is another example of Linda trying to make Willy feel better about himself so that he still feels proud. Within the play we see examples of the fact that Willys mind is fragmenting because he contradicts himself on various occasions. Biff is a god damn lazy bum and Biff is not lazy are quotes from Willy within sentences of each other. This shows how is mind is not functioning correctly as he can contradict himself without knowing in such a short space of time. Another example of Willy contradicting himself is when he is speaking about his Chevrolet. Chevrolet best car ever built is what Willy says about his car then only a few sentences after he contradicts himself by saying That goddamn Chevrolet they should prohibit the manufacture of that car. From this I can see that he is becoming mentally ill. My first impressions of Happy are that he is very chauvinistic because he refers to women as pig and creature. The name Happy is ironic because the truth is that he isnt happy. Happy has never allowed himself to turn towards defeat which shows he is being unrealistic and wont believe his Dad is false. Inside Happy lacks the right work ethic and integrity which should lead to him understanding the American Dream is flawed. Men built like we are should be working out in the open gives the impression that Happy believes that because he has muscles he will be a success. This belief has come from his Dad who has taught Biff and Happy the wrong morals. Because Happy has wrong morals and the wrong work ethic because he cant get promotion at work he has sex with the wife or wife to be of his boss so that he can feel good about himself which also shows he is shallow and has the wrong surface values. My first impressions Biff are that he is a ruthless man. The name Biff to me represents aggression and a strong sense of masculinity. The masculinity representation of the name is ironic because he is a thief and not a real man. He, like Happy, has been taught wrongly about life and the principles involved. Like with is father he is morally low and has wasted most of his life so far. The flute music in the play represents the fact that Willys Dad sold flutes and made them as a salesman. The flute music is also used to indicate that a flashback within Willys mind. This makes the audience aware of what is going on so no confusions happen. It is significant as it shows the reader that past generations of the Loman family were salesman. In the first real flashback we see Willys relationship with the teenage Happy and Biff. By buying the boys a punch bag Willy is teaching them the wrong attitude by telling them that if they have muscles and power they will be successful. Im losing weight Pop, you notice is Happy trying to get his Dads attention as he is focusing it all on his number one son, Biff. Willys relationship is poor with his teenage sons. Charley is not well liked is a quote from Willy trying to get his sons to believe that they can be successful if they are well liked. This undermines the truth where you have to work to become successful and this shows their relationship is poor because Willy is teaching Biff and Happy wrong. I can park my car in the street and the cops will protect it like their own is a lie from Willy. He is trying to pretend to Biff and Happy that he is well liked and people know him so that the boys idolise him. This proves that their relationship is very poor if Willy has to lie to Biff and Happy so they think he is a good person. From pages 21 to 24 I can see the realities of Willys working life. Willy had bought a cheap brand fridge in order to fulfil part of the American Dream in the sense that you have to have most household goods. The fridge has to have a new fan belt every so often which means Willy has fell for the advert that suggests the product is good. The irony with this is that a salesman has fell for the advert which shows the reality that Willy isnt a great salesman as a great salesman wouldnt do that. Willy is physically fat and customers call him. This is ironic as he always encourages Biff and Happy to be as strong and powerful as they can in order to be successful. From this you can get the impression that the reality is Willy is not a good salesman and he knows he isnt.

Position Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Position Paper - Essay Example by Michael Pollan poses a very important question that will circle this discussion, that is, â€Å"What should we have for dinner?† According the his book, the nature offers varieties of food choices and through the years, humans were successfully able to take note which of these food choices are essential and detrimental to the health. Pollan’s work focuses more on the dangers of eating food from what he called â€Å"the modern supermarket†, which in his point of view leads humans to go back to discerning if the food is good or bad for the health. But the omnivore’s dilemma is far more than just the confusion on what food to eat. It opens up a more important question in the factors that affect a person in choosing that food and the economic, as well as the social disposition, of a person plays an important role in one’s food preferences. According to Julie Guthman, some of these considerations are the â€Å"policies not even directly related to food and agriculture, such as taxation, financial regulation, and economic development policies that have created huge disparities between rich and poor† (Merberg, 2012). Looking across cultures, indeed, there are people who are not well-enough to be able to think of what they will have to eat three times a day. Some people are considered lucky if they have something to eat just to surpass the challenges of the entire day or two. Take for example the people in the African region who are suffering from severe malnutrition due to starvation caused by financial challenges and insufficient resources. More than choosing and contemplating on what food to eat, they are thinking on where to get the food to eat. As observed, people in the African region are relatively thin compared to those living in a more civilized nation like the America, where most percentage of people suffers from obesity. Take into consideration the statistics that Pollan presented. â€Å"One in every three American children eats fast food every day. One in

GENETICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

GENETICS - Essay Example Myra was diagnosed with cancer at the age of 48, indicating that it is likely that her cancer was sporadic rather than inherited, however this does not rule out the possibility of the cancer being heritable. In contrast, her mother died from cancer at a ‘young’ age, which suggests the possibility that this was an inherited susceptibility. The fact that there is a chance that the susceptibility may have been inherited means that I would have raised the possibility of a referral with Myra on the basis of her family history alone. The presence of a defective gene, which can be passed from parent to child, results in the child having up to an 80% probability of getting cancer at some point in their lifetime . There are many benefits to genetic counselling, including an increased understanding of whether the disease is inherited and what the chances that offspring will inherit it are . Many different things are inherited genetically; a child may inherit his mother’s bl ue eyes, or his father’s nose shape as well as the susceptibility to a particular disease that is present on his father’s side of the family. ... Many people consider that a child is ‘more like his mother’ or ‘more like his father’ based on their physical appearance. However, while this is a common belief it is not true, children inherit approximately half of their DNA from their mother and half from their father (only approximately due to the presence of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA) . Consequently, while the gene for breast cancer susceptibility (such as BRCA1 or BRCA2) may have an increased likelihood of being inherited with a feature of appearance such as hair colour, there is no basis for believing that a child has an increased likelihood to inherit susceptibility because of the presence of particular physical characteristics. Individuals have a wide range of beliefs about the origins of disease, many of which do not agree with the known scientific basis. These beliefs are based on factors such as prejudice, tradition and ignorance of the scientific basis for inheritance. Some factors t hat are often considered to be causative of disease include education, economic class, and weight . Consequently, Myra attributing the similarity in physical characteristics to a similarity in disease susceptibility does not have strong scientific basis, however, matches trends that are seen in the population, especially among lay people. Scenario Two Being able to work with colleagues and patients who have different cultural beliefs is an important part of nursing, especially in modern society. It is not enough to promote our own, predominantly Westernised, views on the rest of the world without considering their viewpoints and different expectations . In recent years, there has been a trend towards increasing cultural awareness and the development of cultural

Contract law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contract law - Essay Example Legal Status of the Advertisement The advertisement has been issued to public at large. Akono has given his email address and telephone number in the advertisement for this purpose. Generally, advertisements  are invitations to treat. In  Patridge v Crittenden [1968], Lord C. J. Parker said, ‘when one is dealing with advertisements and circulars, unless they indeed come from manufacturers, there is business sense in their being construed as invitations to treat and not offers for sale’. Also, consideration is an important constituent in a valid contract. The expression ‘willing to pay ?100 or more’ in the advertisement shows that the consideration is undetermined. In Harvey  and Anor v  Facey  and Ors  [1893], it was held that the mere statement of the lowest price at which the vendor would sell contains no implied contract to sell at that price to the persons making the inquiry. Similarly, in this case Akono is not bound to buy at any particular price. The advertisement is given with the intention to induce people to respond with their offers. Any response to the advertisement cannot be treated as an acceptance, though it is stated as ‘Please phone or email to accept’ in the advertisement. The advertisement is an invitation to offers in this case. ... In Hyde v Wrench (1840), it was held that the counteroffer rejected the offer previously made, and it was not competent afterwards to revive the original proposal. In this case, Akono states, ‘If you want to sell it to me, I need to receive your response on paper by the morning of Friday 5 October’, which is a counteroffer. This should be treated as rejection of the original offer. On Tuesday evening, Ju posts a letter to Akono, agreeing to take the ?100 for her Dumbledore costume. Her letter does not arrive until Saturday, 6 October. Akono did not receive any valid acceptance from Ju within the stipulated time. In Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co [1893],   L. J. Bowen said, ‘where a person in an offer made by him to another person, expressly or impliedly intimates a particular mode of acceptance as sufficient to make the bargain binding, it is only necessary for the other person to whom such offer is made to follow the indicated method of acceptance...’ I f the statement ‘I’ll only pay ? 100’ by Akono is treated as an offer, it is a conditional offer, the condition being receipt of Ju’s acceptance on paper by the morning of Friday, 5 October. It was held in Holwell Securities v Hughes [1974] that the words ‘notice in writing’ mean notice received by the offeror. Since the conditionality with regard to ‘acceptance on paper’ is not met by Ju, the acceptance is not valid. On Wednesday, 3 October, Akono posted a letter to Ju, stating that he no longer wanted her costume. The offeror can revoke his offer any time before its acceptance (Ramsgate Victoria Hotel Co v Montefiore 1866) and hence, this revocation is valid. Akono v Bob Ju gets her friend Bob to telephone on 4 October to ascertain the receipt of the letter posted by

Impressions of Nursing inormatics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Impressions of Nursing inormatics - Coursework Example s era of change and investment in health information technology the nurses must be prepared to face the challenges of leadership and utilize their caring passion to apply the technology and informatics, enhancing the safety and quality of the care they give to families, communities and patients (Johnson et al., 2012). According to American Associations of Colleges in nursing, the nurse informatics must have the knowledge and skills necessary to enable the use of information and technology to manage knowledge, support decision making, mitigate error and to communicate (American Association of Colleges of Nursing Education Consortium, 2012). Nurses rely on information to gain knowledge and in an increasing competitive information arena the nurses must be ready to utilize timely and appropriate information. Nursing informatics is a product of the scientific combination of data in nursing and it consists of ideas from computer science, information science, nursing science and cognitive science (Matney, Brewster, Sward, Cloyes, & Staggers, 2011). Nursing informatics will evolve as more professionals use, access and expand the information, cognitive sciences and compute important to advance nursing science for the good of the professionals and the patients (McGonigle, Kirkwood, Mastrian & Rich, 2014). In conclusion, the nursing professionals need to comprehend the ethical use of information, cognitive sciences and computer to advance nursing practice. Moreover, informatics is an essential aspect in the practice of

Experience of Pine Point Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Experience of Pine Point - Assignment Example The PinPoint narrative is mostly similar to the traditional documentary formats. It is expository. Expository documentary formats have voiceovers accompanied by videos or images that counterpoint or prove a point. In the Pine Point documentary, for example, under the title ‘Ends and Odds’, there is man’s voice describing the features of the town of Pine Point. There is then a video showing these features as the voice speaks. The videos and the images that are shown during the voiceovers provide evidence of the features and activities of Pine Point. The Pine Point documentary also has observational mode sessions. The observational mode is where there are no voiceovers, no interviews, the documentary maker is not shown, and the subject pretends that he or she is not being filmed. Under the title ‘town’, this mode of documentation is evident. There are just video shots of the location. The documentary is also similar to a book format. At the end of the p resentation, it is indicated that the documentary was meant to be a book. Even so, from the beginning to the end, one can recognize the introduction and the chapters which are typical of book writing or academic reports. 3. What did the experience make you feel about the town? I feel confused because I do not understand how a whole town could just vanish. In one of the chapters, a Pine Pointer revisited the town and found out that not much had changed. The houses were still there. This could only mean that the lost town story is fiction.

Impressions of Nursing inormatics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Impressions of Nursing inormatics - Coursework Example s era of change and investment in health information technology the nurses must be prepared to face the challenges of leadership and utilize their caring passion to apply the technology and informatics, enhancing the safety and quality of the care they give to families, communities and patients (Johnson et al., 2012). According to American Associations of Colleges in nursing, the nurse informatics must have the knowledge and skills necessary to enable the use of information and technology to manage knowledge, support decision making, mitigate error and to communicate (American Association of Colleges of Nursing Education Consortium, 2012). Nurses rely on information to gain knowledge and in an increasing competitive information arena the nurses must be ready to utilize timely and appropriate information. Nursing informatics is a product of the scientific combination of data in nursing and it consists of ideas from computer science, information science, nursing science and cognitive science (Matney, Brewster, Sward, Cloyes, & Staggers, 2011). Nursing informatics will evolve as more professionals use, access and expand the information, cognitive sciences and compute important to advance nursing science for the good of the professionals and the patients (McGonigle, Kirkwood, Mastrian & Rich, 2014). In conclusion, the nursing professionals need to comprehend the ethical use of information, cognitive sciences and computer to advance nursing practice. Moreover, informatics is an essential aspect in the practice of

Launching Brazilian Carnival Coffee in the USA Term Paper

Launching Brazilian Carnival Coffee in the USA - Term Paper Example Talking in more broader terms, it can be said that from the benefits point of view, right from the early days of this decade, there has been a tremendous boom in technology with the evolution and widespread diffusion of internet connectivity which has significantly helped in the process of eliminating the difference arising from geographical barriers as well as regional time differences. This has automatically led to the rise in competition in various market places around the world, since the countries have become easily available to operate and work with, because of the high level of secured connectivity provided through the usage of various technological devices connected through the internet. On the challenge perspective, it can be said that due to the ease of access to various countries around the globe, business organizations of various countries around the world are focusing on the process of expanding their business processes around the world and thereby achieve significant gr owth in the business process. Talking in that particular aspect, it can be said that the increasing interest of various multinational organizations around the world to enter in newer markets which provides significant growth potential in future is resulting to the opening of various markets by the process of lowering of interest rates, which is helping in attracting foreign investments in the emerging and newer markets. This factor along with various other economical, social and physical factors which are focused in the process of attracting investments is playing a direct role in the rise of challenges for operating in new environments and markets. While talking about entering new markets, it can be said that there is a culture factor that plays a major role in the process of determining the probability of success for a product in a particular market. Talking from the culture point of view, it can be said that as a result of the prolonged economic crisis of the West, which continue s to hamper the economic prospects of US by the process of slowing of demand of products and services, the population of the US is focusing on working overtime as well as balancing multiple jobs in an attempt to manage their cost expenses as well as maintain their lifestyle in these challenging times (*). As a natural fact, the population of US is highly dependent on a stimulating drink, which will help them in giving more output, and thereby will be ability to increase individual productivity. From the statistical aspect, it can be said that the US has a population of over 313,000,000 (Cia.gov, 2012). Talking in terms of defining coffee consumption trends in the US, it can be said that over 50% of the entire population of US are dependent on some variants of coffee, which makes up an essential part of their daily life (Harvard School of Public Health, 2009). The coffee consumption in the US has increased over 7% on a year on year basis in the year 2012 (ncausa.org b, 2012). Apart f rom the realization of the various health related benefits that coffee consumers gets, the increase in coffee consumption in the US market can be further attached to the process of increased coffee intake of coffee consumers belonging to the Hispanic communities of the US (ncausa a.org, 2012). Analyzing the country in terms of customs laws that will be applicable for the purpose of importing and international sourcing of coffee in the US, it can

The Breakfast Club Essay Example for Free

The Breakfast Club Essay The plot follows five students at fictional Shermer High School in Shermer, Illinois as they report for Saturday detention on March 24, 1984. While not complete strangers, the five teenagers are each from a different clique or social group. The five students Allison, Andrew, Bender, Brian, and Claire who seem to have nothing in common at first, come together at the high school library, where they are harangued and ordered not to speak or move from their seats by the antagonistic principal, Richard Vernon (Paul Gleason). They are to remain for a period of eight hours and fifty-four minutes (from 7:06 A.M. to 4 P.M., the only indication of time being on a clock that is 20 minutes fast). He assigns a 1,000 word essay (in which each student must write about who he or she thinks they are) and then leaves them mostly unsupervised, returning only occasionally to check on them. Bender, who has a particularly negative relationship with Mr. Vernon, disregards the rules and riles the other students; mocking Brian and Andrew, and sexually harassing Claire. Allison remains oddly quiet except for the occasional random outburst. The students pass the hours in a variety of ways. Gradually they open up to each other and reveal their inner secrets (for example, Allison is a compulsive liar, Bender comes from an abusive household and Brian and Claire are ashamed of their virginity). They also discover that they all have strained relationships with their parents and are afraid of making the same mistakes as the adults around them. However, despite these developing friendships the students are afraid that once the detention is over, they will return to their very different cliques and never speak to each other again. At the request and consensus of the students, Brian is asked to write the essay Mr. Vernon assigned earlier (the subject of which was to be a synopsis by each student detailing who you think you are), which challenges Mr. Vernon and his preconceived judgments about all of them. Brian does so, but instead of writing about the actual topic he writes a very motivating letter that is in essence, the main point of the story. He signs the essay as The Breakfast Club and leaves it at the table for Mr. Vernon to read when they leave. There are two versions of this letter, one read at the beginning and one at the end, which are slightly different; illustrating the change in the students judgments of one another and their realization that they truly have things in common.

Organizational Culture of Public and Private Sector Banks

Organizational Culture of Public and Private Sector Banks In the past 25 years, the concept of organizational culture has gained wide acceptance as a way to understand human systems. From an open-sytems perspective, each aspect of organizational culture can be seen as an important environmental condition affecting the system and its subsystems. The examination of organizational culture is also a valuable analytical tool in its own right. This way of looking at organizations borrows heavily from anthropology and sociology and uses many of the same terms to define the building blocks of culture. Edgar Schein, one of the most prominent theorists of organizational culture, gave the following very general definition: The culture of a group can now be defined as: A pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid and therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems. (Schein 373-374) The pattern of shared values, beliefs and assumptions considered to be the appropriate way to think and act within an organization. Culture is shared Culture helps members solve problems Culture is taught to newcomers Culture strongly influences behavior Layers of Culture 1.1 Elements of culture G. Johnson described a cultural web, identifying a number of elements that can be used to describe or influence Organizational Culture: The Paradigm: What the organization is about; what it does; its mission; its values. Control Systems: The processes in place to monitor what is going on. Role cultures would have vast rulebooks. There would be more reliance on individualism in a power culture. Organizational Structures: Reporting lines, hierarchies, and the way that work flows through the business. Power Structures: Who makes the decisions, how widely spread is power, and on what is power based? Symbols: These include organizational logos and designs, but also extend to symbols of power such as parking spaces and executive washrooms. Rituals and Routines: Management meetings, board reports and so on may become more habitual than necessary. Stories and Myths: build up about people and events, and convey a message about what is valued within the organization. These elements may overlap. Power structures may depend on control systems, which may exploit the very rituals that generate stories which may not be true. 1.2 Dimensions of Organizational Culture Innovation and risk-taking The degree to which employees are encouraged to be innovative and take risks. Attention to detail The degree to which employees are expected to exhibit precision, analysis, and attention to detail. Outcome orientation The degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on technique and process. People orientation The degree to which management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization. 1.3 Keeping a Culture Alive To keep the culture alive of an organization following are to be considered:- Selection Identify and hire individuals who will fit in with the culture Top Management Senior executives establish and communicate the norms of the organization Socialization 1.4. Profiles of the bank Introduction to ICICI ICICI was formed in 1955 at the initiative of the World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry. ICICI Bank (BSE: ICICI) (formerly Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India) is Indias largest private sector bank by market capitalization and second largest overall in terms of assets. Its industry basically includes banking, insurance capital alliance. It has about  a network of 1,668 branches and about 4,883 ATMs in India and presence in 18 countries as well as some 24 million customers (at the end of July 2007). The Bank is expanding in overseas markets and has the largest international balance sheet among Indian banks. ICICI Bank now has wholly-owned subsidiaries, branches and representatives offices in 18 countries, including an offshore unit in Mumbai. ICICI Bank is also the largest issuer of credit cards in India. It is the most valuable bank in India in terms of market capitalization. ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialized subsidiaries and affiliates in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management. The principal objective was to create a development financial institution for providing medium-term and long-term project financing to Indian businesses. ICICI was the first one to introduce the concept of branding in the Indian banking industry. ICICI Bank is one of the Big Four Banks of India with State Bank of India, Axis Bank and HDFC Bank. Introduction to HDFC Hdfc bank is one of the popular private sector banks. It was established in 1994.the full name of hdfc bank is Housing Development Finance Corporation. It was the first bank to receive an approval from RBI for setting up bank in private sector. This bank was incorporated with the name HDFC bank ltd. and the registered head office of hdfc bank is in Mumbai. At present the bank is having total no. of 1412 branches and over 3275 ATMs across India MAJOR POINTS In 2002 HDFC bank witnessed and its merger with times bank limited .with this both HDFC and times bank become the first two private banks in new generation private sector banks. In 2008 RBI approved merger of Centurian bank of Punjab with HDFC bank. With this merger the total deposit reached RS 1,22,000 Crore. While advances were RS 89,000 crore and balance sheet size was RS 1,63,000 crore. All the branches of the bank are online connected with the other ensuring speedy funds transfer for the customers. The bank is Continuously using up to date technology along with market position to build maximum market share. CAPITAL STRUCTURE HDFC banks total authorized capital is RS 550 crore at present from this the paid up amount is 424.6 crore. HDFC group holds 19.4%. The bank has about 5, 70,000 share holders. Its share find a listing on the stock exchange (Mumbai and national stock exchange).hdfc banks American depository shares are listed on the New York stock exchange (NYSE). Introduction to SBI SBI, the state bank of India is a public sector bank. It was founded in 1806 in Kolkata as Bank of Calcutta. Its headquarters are situated in Corporate Centre, Madam Cama  Road, Mumbai  400 021 India. It includes the banking, insurance and capital market industry. The roots of the State Bank of India rest in the first decade of 19th century, when the  Bank of Calcutta, later renamed the  Bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806. The Bank of Bengal and two other Presidency banks, namely, the  Bank of Bombay  (incorporated on 15 April 1840) and the  Bank of Madras  (incorporated on 1 July 1843). All three Presidency banks were incorporated as  joint stock companies, and were the result of the  royal charters. These three banks received the exclusive right to issue paper currency in 1861 with the Paper Currency Act, a right they retained until the formation of the Reserve Bank of India. The Presidency banks amalgamated on 27 January 1921, and the reorganized banking entity took as its name  Imperial Bank of India. The Imperial Bank of India continued to remain a joint stock company. The roots of the State Bank of India rest in the first decade of 19th century, when the  Bank of Calcutta, later renamed the  Bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806. The Bank of Bengal and two other Presidency banks, namely, the  Bank of Bombay  (incorporated on 15 April 1840) and the  Bank of Madras  (incorporated on 1 July 1843). All three Presidency banks were incorporated as  joint stock companies, and were the result of the  royal charters. These three banks received the exclusive right to issue paper currency in 1861 with the Paper Currency Act, a right they retained until the formation of the  Reserve Bank of India. The Presidency banks amalgamated on 27 January 1921, and the reorganized banking entity took as its name  Imperial Bank of India. The Imperial Bank of India continued to remain a joint stock company. Pursuant to the provisions of the State Bank of India Act (1955), the  Reserve Bank of India, which is  IndiaHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_BankHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Banks central bank, acquired a controlling interest in the Imperial Bank of India. On 30 April 1955 the Imperial Bank of India became the State Bank of India. The  Govt. of India  recently acquired the Reserve Bank of Indias stake in SBI so as to remove any conflict of interest because the RBI is the countrys banking regulatory authority. In 1959 the Government passed the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, enabling the State Bank of India to take over eight former State-associated banks as its subsidiaries. On  Sept 13, 2008,  State Bank of Saurashtra, one of its Associate Banks, merged with State Bank of India. State Bank of India is one of the  Big Four Banks  of India with  ICICI Bank,  Axis HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis_BankBank  and  HDFC Bank. Introduction to Punjab national bank The Punjab National Bank or PNB is one of the well known commercial and banking institutions India .it is the second largest government owned commercial bank in the country and offers financial services in public sector. Around 37 million customers are served by the bank on an average basis. The customized facilities and services make it a trusted name in the domain of banking. Growth of pnb Punjab National Bank was registered under the Indian Companies Act on 19 May in the year 1894 and its first office was set up at Anarkali Bazaar in Lahore. Since then, the bank has become a great name in the field of banking and is very much preferred by the customers for the wide range of its services. Today, the bank has around 4,904 branches. Due to its facilities and services of high standards, Punjab National Bank has also been the recipient of a number of prestigious awards. Punjab National Bank offers financial solutions and services in an array of sectors. All these services that are offered keep pace with the changing market trends in order to fulfill the needs and preferences of the customers. Some of the well known sectors on which the main functions of the bank are based are: Personal Banking Corporate Banking Agriculture finance services Industrial finance services Trade financial services International banking services 2. RATIONALE OF STUDY In the past few decades, the concept of organizational culture has gained wide acceptance as a way to understand human systems. From an open-systems perspective, each aspect of organizational culture can be seen as an important environmental condition affecting the system and its subsystems. The examination of organizational culture is also a valuable analytical tool in its own right. This study tries to find out the variations that prevail in public sector banks with that of private sector banks with respect of the dimensions, artifacts and power structure etc. this study also tries to find out the relationship between organization culture and motivational level of the employees. 3. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 3.1 Schein [1998] We can aslo charactertise culture as consisting of three levels. The most visible level is behavior and atrifacts.this is the obserable level of culture and consist of behavior patterns and outward manifestations of culture: perquistes provided to executives, dress code, level of technology utilized and the physical layout of the work spaces. All may be physical indcators of culture, but different to interpret. Artifacts and behavior may also tell us what a group is doing, but not why. 3.2 Koen [2009] While both the strategic management and the network literature recognize the importance of inter-firm relationships for explaining competitive advantage, the question why firms differ in their ability to benefit from these relationships is rarely addressed. This study aims to begin to fill this gap in the literature and argue that organizational culture is an important factor influencing the relationship skills of a firm, defined as a firms ability to manage its ties with other firms, whether these are customers, suppliers, or service providers. The researcher assume relationship skills to be especially relevant for the formation and maintenance of close and durable transaction ties. The researcher tested the model on a dataset of 127 Dutch inter-firm relations and find general support. Specifically, researcher find that firms with organizational cultures characterized by an orientation towards stability and predictability, a positive orientation towards innovation, and not character ized by a strong focus on immediate results, score high on relationship skills. Relationship skills, in turn, are found to have a positive influence on the outcomes of inter-firm relationships in terms of learning, achieving innovations and gaining new contacts, but not in terms of immediate (financial) results. 3.3 Indian Association of Computational Mechanism conflict types and role of organization culture (2004) The potential positive or negative consequence of relationship conflict versus task conflict for group members and organizations continues to be a controversial topic. Whereas a certain amount of agreement exists on the negative consequences of relationship conflict, the evidence for task conflict is not as conclusive. This has led some authors (De Dreu Weingart, 2003a,b) to propose a contingence perspective. This article continues this approach and analyzes the influence of types of conflict on group members satisfaction and wellbeing, considering the moderating role that organizational culture plays in this relationship. Two types of service organization have been studied; private organizations with a high goal oriented culture, and public organizations with a low goal oriented culture. Results show that a) relationship conflict decreases both public and private workers job satisfaction and affective wellbeing; b) task conflicts decrease private organization workers satisfaction a nd affective wellbeing, while this dysfunctional effect is absent in public organizations; c) goal orientation moderates the effect of task conflict in private organizations; and d) support orientation moderates the effect of task conflict in public organizations. 3.4 Berrio Organizational Culture Assessment Using the Competing Values Framework The contemporary definition of organizational culture (OC) includes what is valued, the dominant leadership style, the language and symbols, the procedures and routines, and the definitions of success that characterizes an organization. OC represents the values, underlying assumptions, expectations, collective memories, and definitions present in an organization (Schein, 1992; Cameron Quinn, 1999). Cameron and Quinn (1999) have developed an organizational culture framework built upon a theoretical model called the Competing Values Framework. This framework refers to whether an organization has a predominant internal or external focus and whether it strives for flexibility and individuality or stability and control. The framework is also based on six organizational culture dimensions and four dominant culture types (i.e., clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy). In addition the framework authors generated an Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) which is used to identif y the organizational culture profile based on the core values, assumptions, interpretations, and approaches that characterize organizations (Cameron Quinn, 1999). The central issue associated with organizational culture is its linkage with organizational performance. Connections between OC and performance have been established. An increasing body of evidence supports a linkage between an organizations culture and its business performance. In the business arena, evidence has confirmed that companies which put emphasis in key managerial components, such as customers, stakeholders and employees, and leadership, outperform those that do not have these cultural characteristics (Kotter Heskett,1992; Wagner Spencer, 1996). The competing values framework can be used in constructing an organizational culture profile. Through the use of the OCAI, an organizational culture profile can be drawn by establishing the organizations dominant culture type characteristics. In this respect the overa ll culture profile of an organization can be identified as: Clan: an organization that concentrates on internal maintenance with flexibility, concern for people, and sensitivity for customers. Hierarchy: an organization that focuses on internal maintenance with a need for stability and control. Adhocracy: an organization that concentrates on external positioning with a high degree of flexibility and individuality. Market: an organization that focuses on external maintenance with a need for stability and control. The culture of Ohio State University Extension plays an important role in the way Extension personnel plan, implement, and evaluate educational programs. OSU Extension is perceived by its personnel to be an institution devoted to satisfying the needs and wants of its clients through programs that are clearly defined, sensible to public needs, constantly monitored for success, and pro-actively implemented. 3.5 KAVANAGH ASHKANASY Impact of Leadership and Change Management Strategy on Organizational Culture in Case of Merger This study reports a longitudinal study that examined mergers between three large multi-site public-sector organizations. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis are used to examine the effect of leadership and change management strategies on acceptance of cultural change by individuals. Findings indicate that in many cases the change that occurs as a result of a merger is imposed on the leaders themselves, and it is often the pace of change that inhibits the successful re-engineering of the culture. In this respect, the success or otherwise of any merger hinges on individual perceptions about the manner in which the process is handled and the direction in which the culture is moved. Communication and a transparent change process are important, as this will often determine not only how a leader will be regarded, but who will be regarded as a leader. Leaders need to be competent and trained in the process of transforming organizations to ensure that individuals within th e organization accept the changes prompted by a merger. 3.6 Westerns survey of Organizational culture (2003) In December 2003, Westerns Academic and Administrative Leaders and Managers received the results of Westerns survey of organizational culture, completed in July 2003. Staff academic and administrative leaders from 33 different groupings had an opportunity to respond to survey questions regarding What is expected, from a person in your role, to fit in and meet expectations here. A report for Western as a whole was compiled, and the leaders of the 33 groups were invited to requisition confidential sub-group reports for their own areas.The initiative was undertaken on behalf of the University by Human Resources to provide a) information for focussing leader, staff, and organizational development initiatives, and b) baseline data for evaluating the outcomes of these initiatives over the next 3 years. The survey will be repeated in 2007.   Research on organizational culture conducted by the survey company used (Human Synergistics) shows that performance feedback systems and leadership p ractice exert the greatest influence on culture. Culture, in turn, can be correlated with levels of role clarity, role consistency, employee satisfaction, and commitment to customer service. Western has committed resources to enhance leadership practice, support campus-wide staff development, improve work systems, and more closely integrate academic and administrative leadership, so that all work is clearly aligned with Westerns academic mission.   Ã‚   In an effort to enhance positive aspects of Westerns culture and to decrease negative aspects, leaders can now draw on research regarding the levers for change for influencing organizational culture. Areas to improve include: communication processes, work design, the performance feedback system, and the participative dimension of the operational planning process. 3.7 McMurray- Organizational Climate and Organizational Culture (2003) This multi-method study explored the relationship between organizational climate and organizational culture in a newly emerging university. Organizational climate was explored through the distribution of a survey to 145 academic staff. An 88% response rate yielded 128 responses. To uncover the organizational culture, semi-structured interviews were, conducted with the Deputy Vice-Chancellor, the Deputy Principal, 7 Deans, and 15 Centre Heads from the various faculties. The study uncovered the ways in which organizational culture evolves and becomes intertwined with organizational climate. The data yielded new insights as to the ways in which organizational climate and culture intersect. This has particular relevance at the sub-unit level where climate features are most positive in those faculties whose subcultures are congruent with the leadership culture, and are least positive in faculty subcultures that are incongruent with the leadership. 3.8 Purang- HRD Climate in Public and private organizations Most researchers agree that a congenial HRD climate is extremely important for the ultimate achevement of the business goals. It is a phenemenon experienced by the employees and often reffered to by expressions like environment, atmosphere and so on. Climate at the individual level is a summary perception of the organizations work environment that is descriptivr rather than evaluative in nature. Another approach to the climate is the cultural approach, which proposes that the climate arises from the intersubjectivety of the members as they interact within a context established by an organizations culture. In the indian context type of organization influences the culture prevalent in the organization. Since climate is an outcome of culture this study compares the HRD climate perceptions of public and private organizations. The study compares the perception of middle level managers from different organizations and gives the conclusion that in government organizatons there is need to im prove HRD climate. 3.9 Srimannarayana HRD climate in Dubai Bank Based on the resonses of 212 employees working in a local bank in dubai, the study attempts to assess the HRD climate in a bank through a questionaire containing 38 items. The area of difference were identified in this study among the various categories of HRD climate. An attempt was made to find out the difference in the perception of HRD climate among the employees, based on position, nationality, gender and age and gives the conclusion that personal power bases had a strong direct effect on job satisfaction.both position and personal power are positevely related to job satisfaction. 3.10 Sengupta- Gender, work and organization culture Organizations work in social milieu and therefore the socio cultural factors greatly affect the organizational culture. The social role perception seemed to have a bearing on the structural role of men and women in the organization. The study aimed to examine the impact of social role on organization culture and managerial work behavior. The study concluded that managerial behavior is culturally influnced and women managers are percieved as equally competent as male managers. SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4.1 Universe/Population of the study The universe or the population of the study is confined to the four organizations viz, State bank of India, icici bank, hdfc bank and pnb 4.2 Category of respondents The respondents will be selected from the different levels of the management as per the need of the study. The respondents will be selected using the stratified random sampling. 4.3 Region of the study The study will be confined to the region of jalandhar city only, the reason for this confinement to jalandhar only is due to time and cost constraints. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 5.1 Objectives Of the Study To study and describe the prevailing organization culture of Private and Public sector banks in terms of :- Artifacts Beliefs, Values and Assumptions Dimentions of Organizational Culture Relationship between organization culture and structure Relationship between organization culture and power structure. To study the effect of promotion policies and subsequent employees turnover rate : the comparison of the two orgaizations. To study the impact of organization culture on employees motivation level of two organizations. 5.2 Sample Size and Design Sampling is an essential technique in the field of research, Probably no concept is as fundamental to conduct research and interpretation of its results as is sampling. In survey kind of studies, the population under investigation is quite large, making it practically impossible for researcher to research every member of the population. The conclusions will be drawn and generalizations will be made on the basis of examination of some part of the whole population and this is termed as sampling. The population of study will consist of total number of employees working in the four banks. In this study the sample will selected from the head office of all four banks in jalandhar named as state bank of india, Punjab national bank, hdfc and icici. For this purpose the whole the population will be divided into 5 categories i.e. M1, M2, M3, M4, and M5. 5.3 Method of Data Collection The feedback forms will be used for the purpose of data collection. The feedback will be directly given to the respondents. The instructions will be clearly given on the feedback forms to facilitate easy and accurate responses but in order to avoid biasness in the responses; the purpose of the study will not disclosed. The respondents will be assured that the record would be kept confidential. if they faced any difficulty in understanding any item the meaning will be readily explained without biasing their responses in case of direct filling of questionnaire. These feedback forms will be given to whole of the sample and the feedback will be analyzed as after. 5.4 Instrument to be Used The study will be conducted using pre-structured questionnaire. To facilitate answering, the questions will be developed in simple words, to convey the real and full meaning. The questionnaire will be also pre-tested to see whether the respondents would face any difficulty in understanding and answering the questions. The questionnaire will be divided into two parts. The first part of the questionnaire will aim at getting basic information relating to the respondents socio-economic background such as age, education, marital status, occupation, monthly income etc. and in the second part of the study the detailed information for the motivation level and impact of other cultural variables among employees. 5.5 Statistical Analysis and Tools The data, after collection will be processed and analyzed, comparisons and analysis will be made. Thus, in the process of analysis, relationships or differences supporting or conflicting with original or new hypothesis will be subjected to statistical tests of significance to determine with what validity data can be said to indicate any conclusion 5.6 Proposed Plan Introduction Research Methodology Introduction to the company Data presentation Analysis Conclusion Bibliography 5.6 Limitations of the study The study do not take all the issues relating to the organization culture due to time constraint, but an attempt is made to cover all the important issues in the study. There may be some bias in the responses which cannot be ruled out. i.e. some of the feedbacks may not be given with honesty.

Cold Pasteurization can Change the World :: science

The preservation of food is essential to maintain life and growth. Its daily intakes nourish our bodies, providing enzymes, in turn giving us energy. The ability of matter exerts radiation in its domain by means of energy in selected foods. Such rationale debates whether a development of technology creates an effective way to reduce the incidence of foodborne diseases, while treating a variety of potential problems in our food supply. An effective method of research in food irradiation illustrates substantial evidence in its safety, nutritional adequacy, and social-economic global effects. Irradiation is capable of improving the safety and quality of many foods. It is the process that emits high-energy rays passing through [food] products, virtually killing all harmful bacteria and parasites in or on the food (OCA, 1998). Yet, the food remains raw and undergoes only minor chemical changes. Foods are treated with ionizing radiation to accomplish many different goals, one being the delivery of raw meats and sprouts. There is no guarantee that raw ground beef or sprouts will be free of certain harmful bacteria. These foods provide a favourable environment for bacterial growth, whereas, the production process does not include a step to reduce these bacteria, such as cooking or pasteurization. For these foods, irradiation provides a bacteria-killing step. However, one association disagrees the issue and claims that irradiation only covers up problems that the meat and poultry industry should solve, increasing the fecal contamination that results from speeded up slaughter and decreased federal inspection. Irradiation is a ‘magic bullet’ that will enable [the company] to say that the product was ‘clean’ when it left the packing plant (OCA, 2001). The claim, more rather, lacks the key source in evidence, for even the best sanitation and standard antibacterial treatments cannot ensure safety in foods. In addition, irradiation cannot occur properly if the food is too heavily contaminated, preventing industries from using this practice as a substitution for good sanitation practices. Irradiation is not harmful in producing resistant strains of bacteria, nor does it make food radioactive. It simply reduces the amounts of bacteria in foods that may become potential illnesses in humans. Accordingly, food irradiation advocates 40 years of research showing the process to be safe, however, evidence for this assertion is missing. An article in the Nation’s Restaurant News states that detractors of irradiation paint the process as a potential health risk that has n ot been studied sufficiently (Liddle, 2001, p 60, 3p, 4c).

News :: essays research papers

Partygoers find renewed meaning in holidays Saturday, December 22 at the Brick Elks Lodge 2152 celebrating the birth of Jesus topped the list of paying homage. Instead of the more popular getting presents and money, the party was payback to the members who volunteer. The party was for Elks children and grandchildren. Food, Entertainment and Santa Clause were available there. The Elks basically help people by donation things such as wheelchairs, canes, and walkers for handicapped kids. They also give food during Thanksgiving and Christmas. Last month they even had a party for veterans. All together the Elks are a pretty nice organization of caring people. Bush expected to seek 15 billion more to beef up domestic security Our President George Bush is planning to get 15 billion dollars for his 2003 budget. This money will account for police officers to baggage screening equipment. It may also include new communication equipment so hospitals can react faster if another terrorist attack were to happen. Congress wanted to spend 20 billion for security in its 2002 plan, they even had it approved. Except approximately half of that money was used before the September 11th attacks. After the state of Union Address to Congress in January the president will release his 2003 budget plan. Dress up yogurt without adding fat Yogurts with the labels "nonfat" and "low fat" are all good for you when you want to make some cut backs on what you eat. But you see there are still catches to eating all of these. Yogurt like many other foods doesn't just contain the fruits posted on the cover. Companies add many chemicals and concoctions used to make the yogurt taste better. This is basically like mixing the fruits and then adding 7 teaspoons of sugar. Which can double the calories. They also add sweeteners and even artificial coloring. If you have tried nonfat or low fat yogurts then you know how terrible they taste. There is an alternative of course. What you can do is cut up your own fruits and put them in the yogurt to bring some real flavor back. Which will keep it healthy and make it tasty. Many elderly people taking inappropriate medications A study taken by the Healthcare Research and Quality has come to believe that many elders have taken incorrect medications. Approximately 1/5 of 32 million elderly people who live by themselves used 1 of 33 medicines considered dangerous for the older society.

Road Rage

A coin is tossed four times. The probability is ? or 0. 25 that all four tosses will result in a head face up. Answer Correct Answer: False A firm offers routine physical examinations as part of a health service program for its employees. The exams showed that 8% of the employees needed corrective shoes, 15% needed major dental work and 3% needed both corrective shoes and major dental work. What is the probability that an employee selected at random will need either corrective shoes or major dental work? Correct Answer: 0. 20A group of employees of Unique Services will be surveyed about a new pension plan. In-depth interviews with each employee selected in the sample will be conducted. The employees are classified as follows. What is the probability that the first person selected is classified as a maintenance employee? Correct Answer: 0. 025 A probability is a number from -1 to +1. Correct Answer: False When are two events mutually exclusive? Correct Answer: If one event occurs, the n the other cannot There are 10 rolls of film in a box and 3 are defective.Two rolls are selected without replacement. What is the probability of selecting a defective roll followed by another defective roll? Correct Answer: 1/15 or about 0. 07 Three defective electric toothbrushes were accidentally shipped to a drugstore by the manufacturer along with 17 non-defective ones. What is the probability that the first two electric toothbrushes sold will be returned to the drugstore because they are defective? Correct Answer: 3/190 or 0. 01579 The first card selected from a standard 52-card deck was a king.If it is NOT returned to the deck, what is the probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection? Correct Answer: 3/51 or 0. 0588 The first card selected from a standard 52-card deck was a king. If it is returned to the deck, what is the probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection? Correct Answer: 1/13 or 0. 077 If there are ‘m' ways of doing one thin g and ‘n' ways of doing another thing, the multiplication formula states that there are (m) †¢ (n) ways of doing both. Correct Answer: TrueA study by the National Park Service revealed that 50% of the vacationers going to the Rocky Mountain region visit Yellowstone Park, 40% visit the Grand Tetons and 35% visit both. What is the probability that a vacationer will visit at least one of these magnificent attractions? Correct Answer: 0 The closer a probability is to 0, the more likely the event will happen. Correct Answer: False The classical approach to probability requires that the outcomes of an experiment are not equally likely. Correct Answer: False The numbers 0 through 9 are used in code groups of four to identify an item of clothing.Code 1083 might identify a blue blouse, size medium. The code group 2031 might identify a pair of pants, size 18, and so on. Repetitions of numbers are not permitted, i. e. , the same number cannot be used more than once in a total sequen ce. As examples, 2256, 2562 or 5559 would not be permitted. How many different code groups can be designed? Correct Answer: 5,040 A discrete random variable can have only certain clearly separated values. Correct Answer: True A listing of all possible outcomes of an experiment and their corresponding probability of occurrence is called a _____________.Correct Answer: Probability distribution A statistics professor receives an average of five e-mail messages per day from students. Assume the number of messages approximates a Poisson distribution. What is the probability that on a randomly selected day she will have five messages? Correct Answer: 0. 175 David's gasoline station offers 4 cents off per gallon if the customer pays in cash and does not use a credit card. Past evidence indicates that 40% of all customers pay in cash. During a one-hour period twenty-five customers buy gasoline at this station.What is the probability that more than ten and less than fifteen customers pay in cash? Correct Answer: 0. 380 David's gasoline station offers 4 cents off per gallon if the customer pays in cash and does not use a credit card. Past evidence indicates that 40% of all customers pay in cash. During a one-hour period twenty-five customers buy gasoline at this station. What is the probability that at least ten pay in cash? Correct Answer: 0. 575 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a binomial probability distribution? Correct Answer:Each outcome results from two trials The weight of an offensive linesman may be 205. 15 pounds, 210. 23 pounds, 225. 05 pounds or 219. 14 pounds. What is this an illustration of? Correct Answer: Continuous random variable The variance of a binomial distribution is found by ? ? (1 – ? ). Correct Answer: True The mean of a binomial distribution is the product of n and ?. Correct Answer: True A true-false test consists of six questions. If you guess the answer to each question, what is the probability of getting all six qu estions correct? Correct Answer: 0. 016